The ideal utensils to use for wine making and boiling ingredients & juices are those of good quality enamel. Those sold under a brand name are most reliable. The utensils must not be chipped.

It is almost impossible to pour clear wine from one bottle to another without stirring up the lees. Because of this, it is a good plan, to siphon off the clear wine when rebottling it.

Using about a yard and a half of surgical rubber tubing or plastic tubing, siphoning is a very simple operation. First, put the bottles or jars of wine on a table and the empty bottles on a stool or box on the floor. Next, put one end of the tubing in the first bottle of wine and suck the other end of the tube until the wine comes; pinch the tube at your lips and - holding on tight - put this end in the empty bottle and then let the wine flow. As the level of the wine falls, lower the tube into it, being careful not to let it touch the lees. When nearly all of the wine has been transferred, pinch the tube at the neck of both bottles, put one end into the next bottle and allow the wine to flow again.

In this way a constant flow is maintained and you have bottles of crystal-clear wine. The sediment from each bottle may be put together; this will clear in time to leave a little more wine.

Most of you will already have heard of one or other home-made wine and will have decided which to make. For those who have not yet decided, preference for a 'port* or 'whisky' may be the deciding factor and this must rest with yourselves.

I would advise you only in this: make, say, a gallon or a half-gallon of a variety of wines and then decide which you prefer over a period of time. I have whittled my own preference down to nine different wines which I brew regularly according to season, leaving the dried fruit for the time when fresh fruit is not available and when roots - potatoes, etc. - are too fresh for wine-making purposes.

NOTE:

Different recipes will call for slightly different approaches, but it must be remembered that whatever else has to be done, the brew must be kept in a warm place throughout the fermentation period, and that the process after fourteen days* fermentation in the tub is the same with all recipes.

Now select your recipe and go ahead with your wine-making, bearing in mind all that I have warned you about.

About the Author

James Wilson owns & operates www.e-homewinemaking.com, a site providing wine-making tips, tricks and techniques. If you're interested in making your own wine, visit www.e-homewinemaking.com today and sign up for the FREE wine-making mini-course!

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There are a variety of products available in the market that helps you remove various types of stains. But did you know that stains can be removed even without using expensive chemicals at all? The best solution in minimizing stains or totally remove them is simply by cleaning the spills and dirt the moment they crop up. Moreover, cleaning them will not even require you to leave the comforts of your home just to buy expensive cleaning products. There are ways of cleaning up stains simply by using products readily available in your homes which you use regularly such as detergents, rubbing alcohol, vinegar, lemon juice, et al. It's just a matter or knowing how to use these household products and the procedures to go about cleaning out the stains. Now here are just some tips that will provide you with an excellent, immediate yet economical solutions in handling carpet stains.



For Pet Stain:



Option 1:

Use Ammonia solution: One teaspoon of clear, household type ammonia to a half of a cup of water. This solution can be used in a spray bottle or be applied to the carpet directly. It is important not to wet the carpets backing when apply. After applying solution, use white paper towels to blot. Allow to dry completely.



Option 2:

Use Detergent solution: A detergent solution can be made of hand soap or dish soap. The combination is one quarter of a teaspoon of detergent to one quart of water. Make sure the soap does not contain bleach or lanolin.



1. Blot the stain with white paper towels to remove as much of the solution as possible.

2. Apply detergent solution from a spray bottle.

3. Rub the area.

4. Blot out the stain and detergent.



Option 3:(the best solution)

Often, good old fashioned water can re-hydrate the stain to help with removal. Most of the pet stains can be cleaned up with a use of steam cleaner. Then dry as thoroughly as possible.



For Ink Stain:



1. Isopropyl rubbing alcohol can be purchased at your grocery store or department store.

2. Apply it by pouring some onto a clean, white towel or other cloth. Paper towels can be used as long as they are white.

3. Blot until as much as possible until stain is removed.

4. Be careful. If the stain is small, blot in one direction only so that you do not spread the stain.



For Beers and Wines Stains:



1. Make a solution of one part of white vinegar with one part of water.

2. Apply to the stain using a spray bottle to saturate.

3. Allow the stain to sit about ten to fifteen minutes.

4. Use a sponge to clean in a rubbing motion.

5. Rinse with warm water.

6. Brush the pile back into the natural direction is has.

7. Using layers of white paper towels, place paper towel on top of area, place a book on top of that. Allow to sit like this until it has dried.

About the Author: Rodel Garcia is currently working as a housekeeper @ BC Children's and Women's Hospital. Webmaster and owner of this website : http://www.carpet-cleaning-tips.com/ For more tips on carpet stain cleaning please visit: http://www.carpet-cleaning-tips.com/cleaning-carpet-stain.html